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Table of contents
XML DOM Tutorial
DOM HOME
DOM Introduction
DOM Nodes
DOM Node Tree
DOM Parsing
DOM Load Function
DOM Methods
DOM Accessing
DOM Node Info
DOM Node List
DOM Traversing
DOM Browsers
DOM Navigating

Manipulate Nodes
DOM Get Values
DOM Change Nodes
DOM Remove Nodes
DOM Replace Nodes
DOM Create Nodes
DOM Add Nodes
DOM Clone Nodes
DOM HttpRequest

XML DOM Reference
DOM Node Types
DOM Node
DOM NodeList
DOM NamedNodeMap
DOM Document
DOM DocumentImpl
DOM DocumentType
DOM ProcessingInstr
DOM Element
DOM Attribute
DOM Text
DOM CDATA
DOM Comment
DOM HttpRequest
DOM ParseError Obj
DOM Parser Errors

DOM Summary

Examples
DOM Examples
DOM Validator

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XML DOM Node Tree

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The XML DOM views an XML document as a node-tree.

All the nodes in the tree have a relationship to each other.


The XML DOM Node Tree

The XML DOM views an XML document as a tree-structure. The tree structure is called a node-tree.

All nodes can be accessed through the tree. Their contents can be modified or deleted, and new elements can be created.

The node tree shows the set of nodes, and the connections between them. The tree starts at the root node and branches out to the text nodes at the lowest level of the tree:

DOM node tree

The image above represents the XML file books.xml.


Node Parents, Children, and Siblings

The nodes in the node tree have a hierarchical relationship to each other.

The terms parent, child, and sibling are used to describe the relationships. Parent nodes have children. Children on the same level are called siblings (brothers or sisters).

  • In a node tree, the top node is called the root
  • Every node, except the root, has exactly one parent node
  • A node can have any number of children
  • A leaf is a node with no children
  • Siblings are nodes with the same parent

The following image illustrates a part of the node tree and the relationship between the nodes:

Node tree

Because the XML data is structured in a tree form, it can be traversed without knowing the exact structure of the tree and without knowing the type of data contained within.

You will learn more about traversing the node tree in a later chapter of this tutorial.


First Child - Last Child

Look at the following XML fragment:

<bookstore>
  <book category="cooking">
    <title lang="en">Everyday Italian</title> 
    <author>Giada De Laurentiis</author> 
    <year>2005</year> 
    <price>30.00</price> 
  </book>
</bookstore>

In the XML above, the <title> element is the first child of the <book> element, and the <price> element is the last child of the <book> element.

Furthermore, the <book> element is the parent node of the <title>, <author>, <year>, and <price> elements.


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